I’m going to teach you that there are two different kinds of randomness: pure randomness and biased randomness. When Bible believers say, “The species that exist today couldn’t have been created by rolling dice,” they are demonstrating that they don’t know the difference. They think that natural selection is based on pure randomness, but it’s actually based on biased randomness. And, as you will see, this is an extremely important distinction. If it was based on pure randomness, then the theory would be ridiculous. But since it is based on biased randomness, it is not only possible, but in later chapters, we will see that there is a lot of evidence in favor of the theory of natural selection.

Pure randomness is what people normally mean when they say “randomness”. It means that each possible outcome is equally likely. A fair six-sided die provides an example of pure randomness. The probability of rolling a six is exactly the same as the probability of rolling a five, which is exactly the same as the probability of rolling a four, etc. However, biased randomness is where some of the different possible outcomes are not equally likely. A weighted die provides an example of biased randomness. Let’s explore the difference in more detail.

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